Design and Application of Partially Encased Non-Compact Composite Columns for High-Rise Buildings
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A new composite column designed specifically to support large gravity loads in high-rise steel buildings is described. The column takes advantage of the in-plant prefabrication of steel, the economical compressive load carrying capacity of concrete, the speed of erection for a steel structure and the fire resistance inherent in a concrete column. The column is specifically designed to simplify the installation and removal of the form work needed to pour the concrete and requires less crane capacity to erect the column due to a much lighter steel section. The extensive test program carried out at three North American universities is summarised. The scope of application for the new column and the design equations that have been proposed are discussed. Finally, an example of the savings that can be achieved by using this column system is demonstrated by comparing the system to the actual design of an existing building. The new composite column has been patented in Canada, the United States of America and has received an International patent.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it