Free Radical Copolymerization Kinetics of γ-Methyl-α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone (MeMBL)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The propagation kinetics and copolymerization behavior of the biorenewable monomer γ-methyl-α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone (MeMBL) are studied using the pulsed laser polymerization (PLP)/size exclusion chromatography (SEC) technique. The propagation rate coefficient for MeMBL is 15% higher than that of its structural analogue, methyl methacrylate (MMA), with a similar activation energy of 21.8 kJ·mol(-1). When compared to MMA, MeMBL is preferentially incorporated into copolymers when reacted with styrene (ST), MMA, and n-butyl acrylate (BA); the monomer reactivity ratios fit from bulk MeMBL/ST, MeMBL/MMA, and MeMBL/BA copolymerizations are r(MeMBL) = 0.80 ± 0.04 and r(ST) = 0.34 ± 0.04, r(MeMBL) = 3.0 ± 0.3 and r(MMA) = 0.33 ± 0.01, and r(MeMBL) = 7.0 ± 2.0 and r(BA) = 0.16 ± 0.03, respectively. In all cases, no significant variation with temperature was found between 50 and 90 °C. The implicit penultimate unit effect (IPUE) model was found to adequately fit the composition-averaged copolymerization propagation rate coefficient, k(p,cop), for the three systems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".