RADIOSENSITIZING EFFECT OF PROTOPORPHYRIN IX WITH CARBON ION BEAM AGAINST MOUSE MAMMARY BREAST TUMOR CELL
Bibliographic record
Abstract
5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a precursor of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), has been utilized as a potent sensitizer for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer through production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ALA also has been proposed as a possible radiosensitizer with low linear energy transfer (LET) radiation because antitumor activity of low-LET radiation depends on ROS mainly. In this paper, we investigated the radiosensitizing activity of PpIX in carbon ion irradiation as a high LET radiation. PpIX was detected in an EMT6 mouse mammary breast tumor cells even at 24 h post treatment. The cytotoxicity of PpIX against EMT6 cells was IC50 = 48.0 μm. The combined treatment of 1.0 μm of PpIX with 2 Gy of carbon ion irradiation (290 MeV/nucleon, 85.1 keV/μm) showed a more potent antitumor activity than carbon ion irradiation alone. We demonstrated that PpIX showed a radiosensitizing effect with carbon ion beam against mouse mammary breast tumor cells.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".