Preparation of DSSC Nanotitania Thin Film Photoanodes by Electrophoretic Deposition in an Aqueous Suspension
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aqueous-based electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of titania nanoparticles (Evonic's P25) for the fabrication of mesoporous electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells is investigated. Poor film adhesion and cracking arising from the electrolysis of water and interstitial water evaporation during drying were largely overcome via the judicious selection of EPD operating current but more importantly the addition of zinc nitrate in a 5 vol.% isopropanol-water suspension. As a result, a composite nanostructured TiO2-ZnO film was fabricated. Photoelectrochemical characterization indicates that formation of ZnO causes suppression of electron leakage from substrate to electrolyte and additionally prolongs photoelectron lifetime. A 5.01% conversion efficiency was obtained under 1 sun illumination (100 mW•cm−2) of a 13 µm thick single transparent layer. Fabrication of multilayer film by repeated cycles of EPD found to increase the conversion efficiency to 5.52% for the same total film thickness due to better overall film construction.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".