Graphene-based C-reactive protein immunoassay with smartphone readout
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A highly-sensitive immunoassay \(IA) procedure with minimal process steps has been developed for the detection of human C-reactive protein \(CRP) in less than 30 min.Graphene nanoplatelets \(GNP) was admixed with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane \(APTES) and EDC-activated anti-human CRP antibody \(Ab) to form a stable complex that was then covalently attached to a KOH-pretreated polystyrene microtiter plate \(MTP).The developed one-step kinetics-based IA involves the formation of a sandwich immune complex followed by two washings and an enzyme-based colorimetric reaction that was read by a smartphone-based colorimetric reader \(SBCR).The detection range of CRP was 0.03-81 ng mL -1 with a limit of detection \(LOD) and a limit of quanti cation \(LOQ) of 0.07 ng mL -1 and 0.9 ng mL -1 , respectively.Moreover, the developed IA enabled the detection of CRP spiked in diluted human whole blood and plasma as well as CRP present in clinical plasma samples with high analytical precision, thereby demonstrating its immense utility for biomedical diagnostics.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".