Blue Electroluminescence from Eu<sup>2+</sup>-Doped GaN@SiO<sub>2</sub> Nanostructures Tuned to Industrial Standards
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We have tuned the blue electroluminescence of surface-modified Eu 2+ -doped GaN@SiO 2 nanoparticle to industrial standards with a peak at 450 nm and Commission Internationale de I’Eclairage (CIE–1931) coordinates of X = 0.15 and Y = 0.15. The blue electroluminescence was observed on applying a 14 V forward bias to the devices. The Eu 2+ -doped GaN@SiO 2 nanoparticles were obtained on nitridation of Eu 3+ -doped Ga 2 O 3 @SiO 2 nanoparticles at 900 °C. Subsequently, the surface of the Eu 2+ -doped GaN@SiO 2 nanostructure was modified by reacting with dodecyletriethoxysilane at 80 °C, which enabled it to be dispersible in toluene, xylene, and benzene. Tuning of the CIE coordinates is dependent on the ratio of nitrogen to oxygen in the coordinating sphere of Eu 2+ ions which is the origin of the blue electroluminescence.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".