Effects of solar ultraviolet radiation exposure on early ocean survival and fry-to-smolt growth of juvenile salmon
Bibliographic record
Abstract
MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 457:251-264 (2012) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09426 Effects of solar ultraviolet radiation exposure on early ocean survival and fry-to-smolt growth of juvenile salmon Michael C. Melnychuk1,4,*, Carl J. Walters1, Villy Christensen1, Max L. Bothwell2, David W. Welch3 1Department of Zoology and Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada 2National Water Research Institute, Environment Canada, Pacific Biological Station, Nanaimo, British Columbia V9T 6N7, Canada 3Kintama Research Services, Nanaimo, British Columbia V9S 3B3, Canada 4Present address: School of Aquatic & Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-5020, USA *Email: mmel@uw.edu ABSTRACT: Marine survival rates of many juvenile salmon populations have declined in recent decades. Although several potential causes have been proposed, there has been little conclusive evidence for which factors are responsible or not responsible for these declines. We experimentally addressed the hypothesis that exposure of coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch or sockeye salmon O. nerka to solar ultraviolet-B radiation (UVB) during freshwater rearing of fry and parr life-history stages increases mortality at the time of smoltification and ocean entry. Juvenile coho and sockeye salmon were reared in outdoor hatchery tanks either exposed to full spectrum sunlight or shielded from UVB radiation by plastic screens for up to 9 mo prior to release. Smolts were tagged with acoustic transmitters and detected with hydrophone receivers during their downriver and early ocean migration. Survival of treatment groups was compared using Cormack-Jolly-Seber and Burnham mark-recapture models. While exposure to UVB resulted in decreased growth of juvenile coho salmon, survivorship during the early marine period was unaffected by the UVB treatment for both populations. This first attempt to experimentally address the hypothesis of impaired survival resulting from solar UVB radiation has shown that other factors are more likely responsible for observed declines in salmon marine survival rates. KEY WORDS: Mortality · Salmonid · Sunlight exposure · Metabolic impairment · Migratory fish · Capture-recapture · Biotelemetry · Mobile tracking Full text in pdf format Supplementary material PreviousNextCite this article as: Melnychuk MC, Walters CJ, Christensen V, Bothwell ML, Welch DW (2012) Effects of solar ultraviolet radiation exposure on early ocean survival and fry-to-smolt growth of juvenile salmon. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 457:251-264. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09426 Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 457. Online publication date: June 21, 2012 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; Online ISSN: 1616-1599 Copyright © 2012 Inter-Research.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".