Functional analysis of the isopentenyltransferase gene<i>MdIPT3a</i>from apple (<i>Malus pumila</i>Mill.)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
SummaryPlant isopentenyltransferases (IPTs) catalyse the first and rate-limiting step in the synthesis of cytokinin phytohormones. To understand the function of IPTs in apple (Malus pumila Mill.), a gene encoding an IPT (MdIPT3a; GenBank Accession No. HQ585947) was cloned from shoot tips of ‘Fuji’ apple using the reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that expression of MdIPT3a was detected in shoot-tips, young leaves, bark tissue, leaf buds, floral buds, flowers, and young fruit. Transformation of tobacco plants with the MdIPT3a gene, driven by the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter, showed that over-expression of MdIPT3a led to the inhibition of root development, enhanced outgrowth of axillary buds, and a delay in flowering. Cytokinin-specific organogenesis of shoots in transformed tobacco was observed by in vitro culture of MdIPT3a-transformed leaf explants that over-expressed MdIPT3a and generated adventitious shoots on plant growth regulator (PGR)-free Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. The endogenous concentrations of isopentenyl adenosine, zeatin riboside, and dihydrozeatin were significantly higher in MdIPT3a–transformed T1 tobacco plants with more axillary buds than in non-transformed control plants. These results indicate that expression of MdIPT3a is involved in plant growth and development. Expression of MdIPT3a from the CaMV 35S promoter appears to enhance the morphogenic potential of transformed plants by increasing endogenous cytokinin levels.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".