Cathode Guides for Conventional Copper Electrorefining Reactors Employing Starter Sheet Cathodes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Though employed in a large fraction of copper electrorefining reactors, the use of copper starter sheet as cathodes has inherent problems of poor alignment and wrap-around currents at cathode edges. As an alternative to the use of reusable mother blanks, the design of electrically insulating cathode guides, similar to those developed for retrofitting of a nickel electrowinning plant, is examined. A procedure is outlined for designing cathode guides involving specific geometric considerations for facilitating installation and removal of electrodes. The design process is complimented by modeling the performance of the guides in terms of their ability to limit cathode misalignment and warping by solving for the corresponding primary current distributions for 2-D cross sections of the copper electrorefining cells. The potential use of cathode guides to decrease the energy consumption and improve the space-time-yield of conventional copper electrorefining is also discussed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".