Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objective: To review the literature on mild closed head injury with a focus on definitions and pathophysiological mechanisms. Methods: A systematic review of the medical and psychological literature was completed and the results were analysed. Results: Mild closed head injury in children should be assessed from a functional perspective. An agreed upon definition is an acute blow to the head or from acceleration/deceleration injury that correlates with a Glasgow Coma Scale of 13–15 and associated with temporary loss of consciousness, vomiting, lethargy and headache (including seizures occurring immediately after the impact). Pathophysiological markers of head injury include S-100B (an acidic calcium-binding protein) and neuron specific enolase (NSE) which correlate relatively well with severe brain injury. There is a recognized association with the apolipoprotein a (APO a ) 4 allele genotype. A new simple binary classification of concussion has eliminated the need for injury grading scales. “Simple” concussion gradually resolves over a 7–10 day period. “Complex” concussion is characterized by persistent symptoms, prolonged loss of consciousness (<1 minute), convulsive or motor phenomenon or a history of multiple concussions (over time). Conclusion: Mild traumatic brain injury is a common paediatric problem. The potential for long-term disability needs recognition.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".