Light Management in Upconverting Nanoparticles: Ultrasmall Core/Shell Architectures to Tune the Emission Color
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ultrasmall NaGdF 4 nanoparticles with core/shell and core/shell/shell architectures have been synthesized following a microwave-based thermolysis procedure, allowing us to rapidly obtain homogeneous nanoparticles compared to conventional heating. To analyze the possibilities of the proposed structure in terms of tuning the emission color, core and shells have been doped with different lanthanide ion pairs (either Er 3+ /Yb 3+ and/or Tm 3+ /Yb 3+ ), keeping them therefore spatially separated inside the different layers of the nanoparticles. Here, we demonstrate that the position of the dopants inside the nanoparticles affects the intensity of the different emission bands of the luminescing Tm 3+ and Er 3+ ions and show how it has a relevant effect on the overall emission color of the luminescence obtained after 975 nm excitation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".