Near-field Trajectory of Circular Liquid Jets Injected into Subsonic Gaseous Crossflow
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A theoretical study of liquid column deformation discharged perpendicularly into a subsonic transverse gas flow is carried out. Liquid jet trajectory prior to breakup is determined from an analytical approach for momentum flux ratios lower than 100 and Weber numbers up to 100. Force balance on liquid element is analyzed in free stream direction assuming that surface tension and viscous forces are small compared to the aerodynamic force for the above range of momentum flux ratio and Weber number. Mass shedding from jet surface and liquid evaporation are neglected. A logarithmic correlation for penetration depth of liquid jet with circular cross-section is derived which takes into account the liquid to gas momentum flux ratio and drag coefficient. The changes in free stream properties e.g. the gas viscosity and velocity are incorporated in terms of the drag coefficient. The results are presented for various test conditions corresponding to their experimental counterpart in literature.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it