Nonlinear hydrodynamic simulations of radial pulsations in massive stars
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We investigate the radial pulsation properties of massive main-sequence stars using both linear and non-linear calculations. Using 20, 40, 60 and 85 solar-mass models evolved by Meynet et al. (1994), we calculate nonlinear hydrodynamic envelope models including the effects of time-dependent convection. Many of these models are massive enough to lose a significant amount of mass as they evolve, which also reveals more helium-rich layers. This allows us to investigate the dependence of pulsation on mass, metallicity and surface helium abundance. We find that as a model loses mass, the periods become longer relative to the period predicted by the period-mean density relation (period × $\sqrt{\overline{\rho}}$ is proportional to a constant, Q) for the initial model. Increased surface helium abundance causes a dramatic decrease in the period relative to that expected from Q, while changing the metallicity had little impact on the expected periods.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".