Surface Modification of Cotton Fabric by Wet Chemical Treatments to Impart Hydrophobicity
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Temporary surface modifications of cotton fabrics with different water repellent agents by wet chemical treatments were examined. The hydrophobicity of the treated substrates was determined by contact angle. The results show that the cotton fabric became hydrophobic. Three hydrophobic finishing agents were used in this study. The fabric properties were investigated in terms of moisture regain. Significant changes in properties were observed for the different finished materials. The surface investigation conducted by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provided distinctive features of the untreated and treated fabric samples. Elementary analysis was also carried out on the substrate through energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) to confirm the presence of hydrophobic groups. In this study, a unique approach based on the double coating method was found to be a promising technique for modifying cotton fabrics temporarily and the hydrophobic finishing agent was easily removable which in turn would be beneficial for dyeing in supercritical CO2 medium. The method therefore offers great advantages in terms of regaining natural properties of cotton fabrics after suitable modifications.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it