Digital Signal Processing for Dual-Polarization Intensity and Interpolarization Phase Modulation Formats Using Stokes Detection
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
We study and compare two digital signal processing (DSP) approaches to recover the intensity on two orthogonal polarizations and the interpolarization phase modulation using a Stokes-vector direct detection receiver. We focus on higher order modulation of each of the three degrees of freedom allowed in Stokes-vector detection. 2 bits are encoded on each intensity of the two orthogonal polarizations, and 2 bits are encoded in the phase difference between the two polarizations, giving a 6 bits per symbol format. In this study, we propose a novel three-stage DSP algorithm and we compare this new algorithm with our earlier two-stage algorithm using the following metrics: the computational complexity and the bit error rate (BER) performance. Using the three stage approach, waveform filtering and derotation are applied in series rather than in parallel as was done in the two stage algorithm. We show that the three-stage approach exhibits equal BER performance, while significantly reducing the total required number of real additions and real multiplications. Moreover, tracking the state of polarization using the proposed method is m -times more efficient, where m is the number of taps in the first filtering stage.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it