Aerodynamic Solutions for Finite-span Wings of Arbitrary Shapes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a new method of solution for the finite-span wings of arbitrary shapes, which avoids the difficulties of the previous methods. This method uses velocity singularities in the Trefftz plane to derive the contributions in the solution of the circulation distribution due to the changes in the spanwise variation of the wing chord and incidence. The new functions derived for these contributions, containing both natural and forced symmetry and anti-symmetry terms (which were missing from the previous methods), represent a correct mathematical modeling of the physical problems and led to highly accurate theoretical solutions, free of spurious spanwise oscillations. The method has been successfully validated by comparison with the solutions obtained by Rasmussen & Smith and Carafoli for rectangular and tapered wings of uniform incidence, and with panel method results (Katz & Plotkin). Accurate and efficient theoretical solutions of aeronautical interest were obtained for wings with asymmetric incidence distributions due to symmetric and anti-symmetric deflections of flaps and ailerons, and for wings with curved leading and trailing edges and continuously variable incidence.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".