Manganese-Based Non-Precious Metal Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction in Acidic Media
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Non-precious metal catalysts (NPMCs) based on manganese (Mn) are prepared by heat treating polyaniline (PANI), manganese acetate and Ketjenblack EC300J (KJ) carbon supports. Using a heat treatment temperature of 950 o C, followed by an acid leaching and second heat treatment step, Mn-PANI-KJ catalysts are found to provide onset and half-wave potentials of ca . 0.90 and 0.77 V vs. RHE, respectively, in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 electrolyte. After 5,000 cycles of electrochemical durability testing, Mn-PANI-KJ demonstrates a half-wave potential loss of only ca . 20 mV, superior to the 80 mV loss for our previously developed iron (Fe)-PANI-KJ catalyst. Increased surface nitrogen concentrations and relative ratios of pyridinic to graphitic nitrogen species were observed at increased Mn-PANI-KJ preparation temperatures, along with the evolution of graphene-like and graphitic nanoshell structures.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it