Pre- and Postoperative Spinopelvic Sagittal Balance in Adolescent Patients With Lenke Type 5 Idiopathic Scoliosis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the preoperative spinopelvic sagittal alignment in Lenke 5 patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), and analyze how it alters after posterior correction. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The structural thoracolumbar or lumbar curve may change the local sagittal alignment thereby altering the sagittal balance in Lenke 5 patients with AIS. However, few studies have evaluated the spinopelvic sagittal alignment before and after the surgery in these patients. METHODS: Forty-eight Lenke 5 patients with AIS who underwent posterior correction and fusion were included in this study. Preoperative and postoperative radiographs were reviewed measuring both the coronal and sagittal parameters. Three pelvic sagittal states (anteverted, normal, or retroverted) were evaluated according to the magnitude relationship of individual pelvic tilt with pelvic incidence (PI). Both the coronal and sagittal parameters between different pelvic sagittal states were compared. The alterations of these parameters by surgery would also be analyzed. RESULTS: The mean follow-up was 1.8 years. Preoperatively, the mean PI was 44.3° with a pelvic tilt of 4.1°. There was 48% patients showing the anteverted pelvis, whereas the remaining 52% showing normal. The patients with anteverted pelvis showed a smaller PI and more distal lower end vertebra than normal pelvis ones. Logistic regression analysis revealed PI (odds ratio [OR] = 0.62, P = 0.024) and lower end vertebra (OR = 2.1, P = 0.037) were significantly associated with the risk of developing anteverted pelvis. The pelvic tilt was significantly increased and 61% of patients with preoperative anteverted pelvis had recovered. Logistic regression analysis revealed PI (OR = 0.7, P = 0.034) and lower instrumented vertebra (OR = 6.5, P = 0.002) were significantly associated with the risk of postoperative uncovered of anteverted pelvis. CONCLUSION: Anteverted pelvis appears in almost half of Lenke 5 patients with AIS, especially in who have smaller PI or distal lower end vertebra. The abnormal pelvic sagittal state will be generally corrected by posterior correction surgery except for patients with a PI less than 39° or a lower instrumented vertebra that extends to L5.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".