S100B Modulates the Hemodynamic Response to Norepinephrine Stimulation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: We have previously reported that S100B acts as an intrinsic negative regulator of the myocardial hypertrophic response to norepinephrine (NE). METHODS: To examine the role of S100B in acute and chronic hemodynamic responses to NE stimulation, knockout (KO) mice devoid of the S100B gene, transgenic (TG) mice with forced overexpression of S100B, and control CD1 mice were injected subcutaneously once daily with NE (1.5 mg/kg) or vehicle for 28 days. RESULTS: The acute and chronic hemodynamic responses were not different in CD1 and TG mice. In KO mice, both the chronic and acute increase in blood pressure (BP) in response to NE was attenuated compared with CD1 mice. NE induced ventricular myocyte hypertrophy and smooth muscle proliferation in CD1 mice, responses that were augmented in KO mice. In TG mice, NE did not induce myocyte hypertrophy or smooth muscle cell proliferation. NE treatment of smooth muscle cells derived from KO mice resulted in lower cytosolic calcium concentrations compared to CD1 and TG mice. NE induced S100B in ventricular myocytes and increased S100B in arterial tissues of CD1 and TG mice. The giant phosphoprotein AHNAK is expressed in both ventricular myocytes and aortic smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). In response to NE, S100B co-immunoprecipitates with AHNAK in ventricular myocytes and ASMCs. CONCLUSION: Thus, absence of S100B is associated with attenuation of the hemodynamic response to catecholamines, in contradistinction to, the augmented cardiac hypertrophy and smooth muscle cell proliferation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".