Structural and optical properties of PbI<sub>2</sub> nanostructures obtained using the thermal evaporation method
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Lead iodide (PbI 2 ) nanostructures were successfully prepared using the thermal evaporation method on a glass substrate at room temperature. The structural properties were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, which revealed that the crystal size increases as thickness increases. Crystal size was calculated to be in the range 27.3–61.08 nm. In addition, the preferred growth orientation was (001) for all samples. The surface morphologies using scanning electron microscopy have shown an increasing of grain size with increasing thickness. Also, optical properties using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy were researched as a function of thickness. The absorption data have indicated direct transmission with optical energy band gap that varies continuously from 2.35 to 2.40 eV at room temperature. The refractive index and optical dielectric constant were investigated to verify the suitability of the model for electro-optical systems. The low fluctuation in energy band gap indicates that the grain size is quite small. The obtained results are in good agreement with experimental and theoretical data.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it