The Carbohydrate and Caloric Content of Concomitant Medications for Children with Epilepsy on the Ketogenic Diet
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The ketogenic diet for children with refractory epilepsy requires a strict control of the amount of ingested carbohydrates. This can be altered by medication prescribed for the epileptic syndrome or for intercurrent illnesses. The goal of this paper is to compile the carbohydrate and caloric content of commonly used medications in this population. METHODS: We compiled a list of frequently used medications with the help of Canadian manufacturers and the Compendium of Pharmaceuticals and Specialties. We also tested a worst case scenario calculation based on the weight of the tablet. RESULTS: We list the carbohydrate and caloric content of 790 medications studied. Our worst case scenario gives an over-estimate in all cases, making adjustments based on this calculation in an emergency setting safe. CONCLUSION: We propose this list as a tool for physicians, dietitians, nurses and pharmacists. The list can easily be adjusted, based on local practices and reviewed periodically.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".