The variants of 4Q (Reworked) Pentateuch: a comprehensive list of the textual variants in 4Q158, 4Q364-7 in biblical sequence
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article presents all of the semantic, lexical, and grammatical textual variants contained in the group of scrolls known as 4Q Reworked Pentateuch (4Q158, 4Q364-7) according to the traditional verse order of the Masoretic Text. The variants for 4Q158 are based on a fresh treatment of the text from DJD V, while readings for 4Q364-7 are drawn from DJD XIII and are updated where necessary. Introducing the list of variants is a brief case study on the methods of low-level scribal intervention operating in 4Q365. In this way, the article presents the most up-to-date information on variant readings in 4QRP as well as offers a primer on the types of interpretive interchanges evident in a cross-section of smaller variant readings. For the first time this self-contained resource unifies all of the data for the 4QRP manuscripts in one place and will serve as a tool for text-critical and exegetical studies.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.015 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".