A Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Study on the Effects of Mayonnaise Containing Free Plant Sterol on Serum Cholesterol Concentration; Safety Evaluation for Normocholesterolemic and Mildly Hypercholesterolemic Japanese Subjects
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Free plant sterol-supplemented mayonnaise was examined for its capacity to lower serum cholesterol and evaluation was made of its mayonnaise. This evaluation was done via a double-blind, placebo-controlled study using forty-six normocholesterolemic and mildly hypercholesterolemic Japanese persons (total cholesterol ≥ 200 mg/dL) randomly divided into two groups. The plant sterol (PS) (+) group was given 15 g mayonnaise containing 800 mg free PS daily, while the PS (-) group did 15 g mayonnaise daily for 12 weeks. Serum total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-C were reduced by 4.3% and 9.2% in the PS (+) group, on completion of the 12-week period. At that time, serum apolipoprotein (Apo) B had been reduced by 3.6% in the PS (+) group, this being significantly more compared to the PS (-) group. Serum remnant-like particle (RLP)-C and Apo E did not change significantly in either groups. Decrease in TC and LDL-C with PS (+) group was greater for the serum TC ≥ 220 mg/dL subjects compared to the TC<220 mg/dL subjects. Serum vitamin A, 25 (OH) vitamin D, and vitamin K1 underwent no change throughout the study. Serum α-tocopherol reduction was the same in the two groups. The PS (+) group showed significant increase in serum β-sitosterol while β-sitosterol remained within normal range throughout the study period. For complete blood count (CBC) and blood biochemistry, all values were normal in the two groups. Free plant sterol-supplemented mayonnaise is thus shown a safe food for reducing serum TC and LDL-C. This mayonnaise should prove applicable for reducing serum LDL-C in mildly hypercholesterolemic persons.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".