Calculating the Lifetimes of Metastable States with Complex Density Functional Theory
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Among other applications, complex absorbing potentials (CAPs) have proven to be useful tools in the theory of metastable states. They facilitate the conversion of unbound states of a finite lifetime into normalized bound states with a complex energy. Adding CAPs to a conventional Hamiltonian turns it into a non-Hermitian operator. Recently, we introduced a complex density functional theory (CODFT) that extends the Kohn-Sham method to the realm of non-Hermitian systems. Here, we combine CAPs with CODFT and present the first application of CODFT to metastable systems. In particular, we consider the negative ions of the beryllium atom and the nitrogen molecule. Using conventional exchange-correlation functionals as functionals of a complex density, the resonance positions and the resonance lifetimes are obtained, and they are in line with the findings of other studies.
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Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
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