Mean aerodynamic forces acting on a pair of circular cylinders in cross-flow
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Two circular cylinders of equal diameter in a staggered configuration, with a centre-to-centre pitch ratio of PID = 2.0, were tested in the subcritical Reynolds number regime. The incidence angle of the cylinder configuration was varied from a = 0° to 90° and the aerodynamic forces were measured on both the upstream and downstream cylinders. The forces acting upon the upstream cylinder did not show significant variation with the incidence angle despite the marked changes in the vortex shedding behaviour associated with this cylinder. The aerodynamic forces on the downstream cylinder were sensitive to the tendency towards shear layer reattachment at small incidence angles. The inner lift peak for the downstream cylinder, at a = 9°, was attributed to the loss of shear layer reattachment observed at lower incidence angles, while the minimum drag force experienced by the downstream cylinder occurred under shear layer reattachment conditions. Within the range of Reynolds number examined, no apparent Reynolds number effects were noticed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".