Vapor–Liquid Equilibria for the ZnSO<sub>4</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>O and MgSO<sub>4</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>–H<sub>2</sub>O Systems at (30, 60, 90, and 101.3) kPa
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Vapor–liquid equilibria (boiling points) data for the ZnSO 4 –H 2 SO 4 –H 2 O and the MgSO 4 –H 2 SO 4 –H 2 O systems were determined by the quasi-static ebulliometric method at (30, 60, 90, and 101.3) kPa. The boiling points of the ZnSO 4 –H 2 O and the ZnSO 4 –H 2 SO 4 –H 2 O systems were used to regress new chemical model parameters with the average absolute deviation of only 0.08 K. The model was verified by comparing its predictions of the solubility of zinc sulfate in water from (273.15 to 310.15) K and the activity of water in zinc sulfate solution at 298.15 K with literature data. Furthermore, the distributions of the ZnSO 4 (aq) (ZnSO 4 neutral species), Zn 2+, MgSO 4 (aq) (MgSO 4 neutral species) and Mg 2+ species were predicted. The ZnSO 4 −H 2 SO 4 −H 2 O system speciation provided a thermodynamic basis for the empirically optimized zinc sulfate concentrations currently employed in the Zn electrowinning industry.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.007 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.008 | 0.004 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.008 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.010 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".