1593 Antenatally Diagnosed Ovarian Cysts: Management and Follow-Up Protocol
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objectives Abdominal cysts are frequently detected in fetuses through routine prenatal ultrasound. In female fetuses such cysts are most often originated from ovaries under the stimulus of maternal hormones, and can grow to a rather large size. We present our survey of prenatally detected ovarian cysts (OC) and we propose a management and follow-up protocol. Methods A retrospective review of all cases of abdominal cysts in female fetuses detected in our institution from jan. 2007 to jan. 2012 was conducted. Among all cases of abdominal cystic formations, 28 were originated from the ovary, and resulted at antenatal US scan ranging in diameter from 15 to 90 mm. 17 cases showed spontaneous regression up to a complete remission, 13 of them measuring < 50 mm, while all other cases were managed surgically with a laparoscopic approach. When ovarian parenchyma was macroscopically evident it has been preserved. In 4 cases pathologic examination showed absence of any trace of ovarian parenchyma. Results 11 cysts, all showing associated fluid corpuscular content were treated surgically, 8 of them larger than 50mm and. Among these, 5 presented torsion and one auto-amputation. In one case anaphylactic shock occurred during surgery. In all cases in which ovarian parenchyma was preserved, US follow-up at three months after surgery showed vital ovarian tissue. Conclusions Ovarian cysts with size exceeding 50 mm are related to high risk of torsion. Cysts with corpuscular content show almost no tendency to regression after depletion of maternal hormones stimulation: surgery appears to be indicated after proper clinical observation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.017 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".