FENSAP-ICE Modeling of Ice Accretion on a Helicopter Fuselage in Forward Flight
Bibliographic record
Abstract
While CFD solutions of helicopter flow have increased in the last few years, icing simulations are rare and, to the best of our knowledge, none has modeled helicopter icing completely. In this work, we perform a 3D simulation of rotor-fuselage interaction for longterm in-flight ice accretion. For flow solution, the 3D compressible turbulent Navier-Stokes equations are solved, with the rotor modeled as an actuator disk that imparts radial and azimuthal distributions of pressure rise and swirl to the flow field. Our code, FENSAP-ICE is used to solve the 3D flow, impingement and ice accretion. The flow solutions for the ROBIN test case, at two forward speeds, are obtained and compared with published experimental results and then used to illustrate icing on the helicopter’s fuselage.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".