Variation in floral morph ratios in tristylous <i>Oxalis squamata</i> (Oxalidaceae): an Andean alpine endemic
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Negative frequency-dependent selection resulting from disassortative mating should result in equal morph ratios in tristylous populations at equilibrium. However, surveys of morph-frequency variation in tristylous species commonly report deviations from equality. Here, we report variation in morph ratios in Oxalis squamata Zucc., an endemic of the Andean region of Chile and Argentina. Absence of clonal propagation in this species allows unambiguous estimates of the morph ratio of genets. We sampled floral morph ratios in 20 populations occurring in Central Chile and investigated the relation between morph evenness in populations and their size. All populations of O. squamata were tristylous but with significant heterogeneity among populations in morph ratios. Although small populations exhibited a greater variance in morph evenness, biased ratios were also evident in several large populations. We found no evidence of morph loss or a consistent bias in morph frequencies as reported in some tristylous species. Biased morph frequencies in large populations probably arise from episodic sexual recruitment following disturbance and a slow approach to equilibrium.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".