The Effect of MPL Permeability on Water Fluxes in PEM Fuel Cells: A Lumped Approach
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The distribution of water fluxes in an operating polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) is strongly influenced by the properties of the cathode catalyst layer (CCL) adjacent media, viz. polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) and microporous layer (MPL). We propose a water analysis model which treats each layer as an effective homogeneous medium. The model is applied under steady state conditions, with varying humidification of the cathode feed gas (from dry to fully saturated). We distinguish contributions to water removal due to liquid and vapor transport via anode and cathode. The model warrants definition of a critical current density up to which water removal out of the CCL to the cathode side proceeds completely via vapor diffusion. Above the critical current density, excessive water generation leads to the build-up of an excess liquid pressure in the CCL, which acts as a driving force for hydraulic fluxes to PEM and MPL sides.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".