Intergenerative Conflicts and Health Hazards in Migrant Families
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the beginning of the sociology of migration - it has been pointed out - that migration is a special occasion of life - because in an all-embracing way - it changes all aspects of the migrants' lives and demands high converting capacities. It is this assumption which is underlying the thesis of the culture shock caused by migration. Accordingly, the beginning of the integration processes can be characterized as an anomic situation for the immigrants themselves as well as for the members of the receiving society (Hoffmann-Nowotny, 1970, 1973). But, different studies on the integration of migrants have shown that the conflicts of the integration process vary both concerning their intensity and duration between different integration contexts, historical periods, and nationalities of immigrants. This means that migration does not automatically result in a culture shock or an anomic situation. By attempting to explain potential conflicts caused by migration, sociology hence named a number of social structural conditions which modify the integration process and the conflict potential. It is deferred on that the course of the integration process strongly depends on the action possibilities which are offered by the particular affiliation context: if the opportunities of structural integration on the labour market are limited due to intensive competition, as it may be the result of already existing immigration, the integration process will be delayed and will proceed with more conflicts than in an open receiving context (Esser, 1985). Following this argumentation, it is assumed that in contrast to the integration process of subsequent waves of immigrants the integration process of the first immigrant groups may take a peaceful course. This is especially true if different waves of immigration can be easily identified as belonging to different nationalities and if the subsequent immigrant groups show a bigger cultural distance to the receiving society than the earlier ones. Then, the competitive threat on the labour market is an ethnic conflict and no problem of social structure. The numerous findings about categorical differences in the course of integration processes according to gender and generation membership, social origin, educational attainment, and the age of migration can be interpreted as the result of differentially dispersed action motivations and options. In this sense, the higher educational attainment accounts on the
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".