Hydroxychloroquine attenuates cigarette smoke induced autophagic signaling in the mouse ovary
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that Cigarette Smoke (CS) induces autophagy in the ovary. Therefore we aimed to determine if chloroquine (CQ) could inhibit CS-induced autophagy in the ovary. Eight week old mice were implanted with CQ pellets; 0, 25, and 50mg CQ/kg. Half of the animals in each group were exposed to room air and the other half were exposed to CS twice daily for 8 weeks. Ovaries were harvested for electron microscopy, gene and protein expression analysis. There was a significant increase in the production of autophagosomes in granulosa cells of mice exposed to CS (p=0.0297). However 25 and 50mg/kg CQ treatment significantly decreased the CS-induced autophagosomes (p=0.0505; p=0.0065) and attenuated the effects of CS on LC3B and BECN1 expression. In summary, this suggests that CQ attenuates CS-induced autophagy in the ovary and that ovarian protection from toxic insult is potentially feasible.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".