Bibliographic record
Abstract
A mathematical relation is formulated to calculate the properties of oblique shocks generated from swept ramps. Ramp-sweep extends the oblique shock relations from 2D to 3D in a manner analogous to the way ramp-deflection extends the Rankine-Hugoniot shock relations from 1D to 2D. A new Theta-Beta-Mach-Sweep (θ-β-Mach-Sweep) relation is formulated, which reduces to the standard Theta-Beta-Mach (θ-β-Mach) relation for the special case of 2D shocks from unswept ramps. The swept formulation may be expressed as a cubic equation with coefficients that are simple modifications of the cubic coefficients for the standard unswept formulation. The solution of this swept cubic equation allows the shock-angle and downstream properties to be determined directly from the upstream Mach number, geometric ramp-angle and sweep. Several notable properties of sweep on the “strong” and “weak” solutions are depicted and discussed. The new formulation simplifies the process of placing, aligning and focusing shocks for a sequence of swept ramps.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".