An Investigation of Commercial Grade 2 Titanium as a Bipolar Plate Material for PEM Fuel Cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Bipolar plates are one of the most important components in PEM fuel cell stacks. Currently, the commercial bipolar plates are made of non-porous graphite because of its chemical and thermal stability. However, they account for about 80% of the total weight and 45% of stack cost. In this study, commercial grade 2 titanium has been investigated as a possible bipolar plate material because its excellent corrosion resistance and relatively low density. Potentiodynamic, potentiostatic tests and EIS measurements were done to investigate the corrosion resistance in the simulated anode and cathode environments of a PEM fuel cell. SEM metallography was conducted to determine the corrosion morphology. ICP-OES tests were done to determine the metal ion concentrations in solution after corrosion. The Ti ion concentration in solution would be about 20ppm after 5000 hour operation at both the anode and the cathode.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".