A numerical study of the influence of aspect ratio and gap on 3D galloping of square prisms
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Transverse galloping of square sections cylinders is a movement induced oscillation. Generally, it is predicted from quasi-steady theory by using polar of loads resulting from static tests or simulations. In static we mean that the body is kept fixed in a constant cross-flow. Transverse galloping arises for high values of the reduced velocities. In fact the higher the reduced velocity, the larger the amplitude of oscillation. The vibration frequency is close to the natural frequency of the cylinder if we take into account the added mass effects. Our work focuses on the low mass ratio galloping. For this range of mass ratios, quasi-steady theory predicts that the galloping amplitude increases substantially as the mass ratio is decreased down to zero. We showed in Joly et al. that as the mass ratio is reduced, galloping is perturbed by vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) such that the resulting amplitude comes only from vibrations induced by vortex-shedding. Experimental tests on truncated square prisms showed that it does not reveal this phenomenon. We show in this paper that if we consider the flow around the extremities of the prism, as is the case in the experiments considered, vortex-shedding is delayed further in the wake. Vortex-shedding induced loads are thus largely reduced and large amplitude galloping is recovered.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".