A prospective cohort study of 14-3-3η in ACPA and/or RF-positive patients with arthralgia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: 14-3-3η (eta) is a novel serum/plasma protein biomarker involved in the upregulation of inflammatory and joint damage factors. We analysed the association of 14-3-3η with the development of clinically apparent arthritis in a cohort of subjects with arthralgia and positivity for at least one serologic marker: rheumatoid factor (RF) or anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA). METHODS: Measurement of 14-3-3η in plasma collected on entry into the cohort. For this study, 144 subjects with a minimum of 2.5 (median and maximum 5) years of follow-up were available. The relationship between presence and levels of 14-3-3η and development of arthritis was investigated. RESULTS: Arthritis occurred in 43 (30 %) of the 144 subjects after a median of 15 months. 14-3-3η was detectable up to 5 years before onset of clinical arthritis and was present significantly more often (36 % versus 14 %; relative risk 2.5, 95 % confidence interval 1.2-5.6; p = 0.02) and at significantly higher levels (median 0.95 versus 0.28 ng/ml; p = 0.02) in subjects developing arthritis compared with those who did not. 14-3-3η levels/positivity and ACPA, but not RF, were univariately associated with the development of arthritis while generalized linear model analysis with RF and ACPA as obligatory factors could not return an incremental benefit with 14-3-3η. CONCLUSIONS: 14-3-3η was detectable prior to the onset of arthritis and was associated with arthritis development in arthralgia subjects pre-selected for positivity of RF or ACPA. Its power to predict onset of arthritis independent of ACPA and RF requires a new study in which patients are not pre-selected based on ACPA and/or RF seropositivity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".