Domestic Tourism in Asia Some Ruffle and Flourish for a Neglected Relation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Domestic tourism has often been treated by researchers as that poor relative whose existence is reluctantly acknowledged and soon forgotten. In their review of the issue in this Tourism Recreation Research (TRR) number, Mena, Chon and Alampay note the traditional neglect visited upon it. Books and articles are few and far between and one might say that interest has even decayed in recent years. In 1986, Annals of Tourism Research devoted a special issue to domestic tourism edited by Smith and Wanhill (1986). Since then, just a few references can be found in the growing number of academic publications (Archer 1978; Gunawan 1976; Horvat et al. 2002; Hudson and Ritchie 2002; Sindiga 1996; Zhang 1997). Most of them deal with national or local cases while, with Jafari’s exception (1986), there has been no general assessment of the importance of domestic tourism.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.009 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".