Coprecipitation Synthesis of Ni<sub><i>x</i></sub>Mn<sub>1−x</sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub> Mixed Hydroxides
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Four separate coprecipitation routes were applied to the preparation of Ni x Mn 1− x (OH) 2 mixed hydroxides with x = 1, 5/6, 2/3, 1/2, 1/3, and 0, beginning with divalent nitrates. The structure and morphology of the samples were studied by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques. Intentionally bubbled air during coprecipitation was found to create layered double hydroxide (LDH) phases for x = 5/6, coexisting LDH and Mn 3 O 4 phases for 5/6 > x > 0, and Mn 3 O 4 for x = 0. On the basis of the structures observed, these trends could be attributed to the relative ease of oxidation of Mn 2+ to Mn 3+ . Pure hydroxides, with the expected Ni(OH) 2 structure, were prepared for all x when air was excluded from the coprecipitation reaction. Spherical and dense particles could be prepared for all compositions attempted when ammonia was added during coprecipitation under anaerobic conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".