Formation of Layered–Layered Composites in the Li–Co–Mn Oxide Pseudoternary System during Slow Cooling
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Solution-based combinatorial samples of lithium cobalt manganese oxide were synthesized and studied by X-ray diffraction in order to map out the pseudoternary phase diagram over the entire metal composition ranges. This report focuses on the single-phase layered region found to be made up of a single composition line joining LiCoO 2 to Li 2 MnO 3 . The solid solution was found to phase separate during slow cooling (1 °C/min). The end points of this coexistence are not LiCoO 2 and Li 2 MnO 3: instead the Co-rich phase contains some Mn and the Mn-rich phase contains some Co. This phase separation occurs at compositions where previous studies showed nanodomain phase separation when an intermediate cooling rate was used. The nanoscale composites are therefore an intermediate structure that forms when there is insufficient time during cooling for large scale crystallites of the new phases to form. A simple Monte Carlo simulation was used to illustrate this phase separation and study the impact of cooling rate.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".