Ghana's National Health Insurance Scheme: Helping the Poor or Leaving Them Behind?
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present findings on the determinants of enrolment for Ghana's National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS). With this study we contribute to the literature by providing one of the few quantitative analyses on a nationwide survey. Using data from the 2008 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, we find that those from the poorest households remain significantly less likely to enrol in the NHIS compared with respondents from wealthy households, even after controlling for theoretically relevant variables. However, our analysis also shows that respondents in Northern Ghana, considered the poorest part of the country, are more likely to be enroled than those in Southern Ghana. The findings present a clear challenge to the original mandate of the NHIS as a propoor policy and suggest that health policy makers should consider expanding and clarifying the criteria for declaring a person as indigent and that the scheme be further evaluated for obstacles that may be hindering enrolment.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it