Sensory Nerve Action Potentials Are Lower In Women With Arthritis Of The Hand
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Persons with osteoarthritis (OA) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA) of the hand can have significant difficulty performing daily activities. It has been hypothesized that the disability is primarily related to pain. However, the contributions of sensory impairments to disability have not been fully explored in persons with arthritis of the hand. PURPOSE: To determine if women with arthritis of the hand have sensory impairments of the hand compared to healthy control subjects. METHODS: Eleven women with symptomatic hand OA, seven women with hand RA and nine healthy women control subjects were recruited. Sensation was evaluated by measuring sensory nerve action potentials (SNAP) from the median, ulnar and radial nerves of the dominant hand. The stimulus was increased incrementally until the SNAP amplitude reached its maximum point. Supramaximal stimulation was set to 120% of this intensity, and ten readings of each nerve were obtained and averaged. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVAs were used to compare group by stimulation site (nerve) for SNAP latency, conduction velocity and amplitude. RESULTS: The SNAP amplitudes of the OA and RA groups were significantly lower than the SNAP amplitudes of the control group for the median (OA 29.7±10.0 μV; RA 29.5±12.0 μV; control 43.6±20.8 μV), ulnar (OA 26.2±17.4 μV; RA 34.4±20.5 μV; control 49.5±25.0 μV) and radial (OA 35.2±13.7 μV; RA 30.3±11.2 μV; control 46.5±15.0 μV) nerves (p < 0.05). No differences were found between the groups for SNAP latency and conduction velocity. CONCLUSION: Women with hand OA and RA have reduced SNAP amplitudes in the medial, radial and ulnar distributions of the hand. The SNAP amplitudes represent the number of active sensory nerve fibers. Therefore, lower amplitude will correspond with a decreased number of active fibers. The pattern of SNAP amplitude reduction with conserved latency and conduction velocity is typically associated with axonal loss lesions, and differentiates them from demyelinating neuropathies. While there may be fewer total nerve fibers firing, the remaining intact fibers have normal nerve conduction. The findings from this study suggest that women with hand OA and RA may have axonal loss of sensory fibers in the median, ulnar and radial nerves.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".