Impact of the Number of Steps on the Fukuda Stepping Test in Older Adults
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aims: This study aimed to compare performance, within-subject variability and test–retest reliability between the 50-step and 100-step Fukuda test in healthy older adults. Methods: Fifty participants aged between 65 and 75 years performed three trials of both the 50- and 100-step tests on two separate sessions seven days apart. Their final foot position was measured relative to the starting line. Results: Absolute values of body rotation and lateral and longitudinal displacements were significantly larger on the 100-step than on the 50-step test. The mean standard deviations of these measures on the three trials were significantly larger on the 100- compared to the 50-step test, indicating larger within-subject variability. Intraclass correlation coefficients were similar for both tests, suggesting comparable test–retest reliability. Conclusion: The 50-step test is recommended over the 100-step as it may have reduced measurement error.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".