Tuning the Ground State Symmetry of Acetylenyl Radicals
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The lowest excited state of the acetylenyl radical, HCC, is a (2)Π state, only 0.46 eV above the ground state, (2)Σ(+). The promotion of an electron from a π bond pair to a singly occupied σ hybrid orbital is all that is involved, and so we set out to tune those orbital energies, and with them the relative energetics of (2)Π and (2)Σ(+) states. A strategy of varying ligand electronegativity, employed in a previous study on substituted carbynes, RC, was useful, but proved more difficult to apply for substituted acetylenyl radicals, RCC. However, π-donor/acceptor substitution is effective in modifying the state energies. We are able to design molecules with (2)Π ground states (NaOCC, H2NCC ((2)A″), HCSi, FCSi, etc.) and vary the (2)Σ(+)-(2)Π energy gap over a 4 eV range. We find an inconsistency between bond order and bond dissociation energy measures of the bond strength in the Si-containing molecules; we provide an explanation through an analysis of the relevant potential energy curves.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".