Review: pathology of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) is a novel human prion disease that results from exposure to the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) agent, probably by the oral route. The pathological features of vCJD are unique, with extensive involvement of lymphoid tissues in addition to the central nervous system. This article reviews the histopathology and biochemistry of vCJD, emphasising diagnostic features and indicating several areas of active research. The widespread distribution of infectivity in lymphoid tissues in vCJD has lead to concerns over the possibility of iatrogenic disease transmission by contaminate surgical instruments, or by blood transfusion. vCJD has so far only occurred in individuals within a genetic subset defined by the natural polymorphism at codon 129 in the prion protein gene. It remains uncertain if this disease will occur in other genetic subgroups within the population. Continuing surveillance of vCJD in the UK and other countries in which BSE has been identified will be necessary for future estimations of disease numbers worldwide.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.010 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".