Paradoxical role for the lipid phosphatase SHIP1 in control of helminth infection (147.29)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Immunity to helminth infections is mediated by polarized Th2 responses that lead to clearance of infection. One of these responses is the development of AAMs that are associated with intestinal repair and parasite killing. SHIP1 is a lipid phosphatase that negatively regulates immune receptor signaling. Ship1-deficiency in macrophages results in a skewing towards a Th2-type response and the spontaneous development of AAMs. Thus, we hypothesized that macrophage-specific Ship1 knockout mice (Ship1ΔMac) mice would display increased resistance to Trichuris infection. Following infection with Trichuris, cells isolated from Ship1ΔMac mice produced equivalent levels of IL-4, IL-13 and IFN-γ compared to control Ship1fl/fl mice, suggesting that lack of Ship1 in macrophages had little effect on the development of Th2 responses in vivo. Strikingly however-and in contrast to our expectations-Ship1ΔMac mice were more susceptible to infection with Trichuris than control Ship1fl/fl mice. These results demonstrate that macrophage-specific expression of Ship1 is critical for resistance to Trichuris independently of a normally protective Th2 cell response and suggest an alternative role for AAMacs in helminth infection. Thus, these studies identify a novel and paradoxical role for Ship1 in the development of immunity to Trichuris and suggest that manipulation of macrophage function could be critical for inducing or limiting immune responses in the intestine.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".