Identification of a novel immunosuppressive dendritic cell population derived from conventional DC (113.5)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Dendritic cells (DC) play a central role in the initiation and regulation of immune responses. Conventional DC (cDC) arise from circulating immediate precursors (pre-cDC) and are currently thought to be terminally differentiated. Here we show, however, that cDC are capable of generating progeny that lost all characteristic features of cDC; and investigate the functional properties of this novel population. Sorted bone marrow pre-cDCs were cultured on a stromal monolayer in the presence/absence of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). On day three, proliferating CD11c+ MHCII+ cDC developed in both cultures. However, in the absence of GM-CSF, these cells gave rise to a homogeneous population of CD11clow MHClow cells (DC-regs) on day 8-10 of culture. In contrast to cDCs, DC-regs failed to up-regulate MHCII and co-stimulatory molecules in response to DC maturation stimuli. DC-regs displayed higher antigen capture capacity but were poor stimulators in T cell proliferation assays. Further, DC-regs not only induced T cell anergy, but also suppressed T cell proliferation in cultures containing immuno-stimulatory DC. Co-transfer of DC-regs with DCs in vivo inhibited T cell proliferation. DC-regs expressed know immunosuppressive molecules such as iNOS, arginase, ICOSL and PD-L1. Our findings challenge the prevalent view that cDC are terminally differentiated, and reveal their potential to generate a regulatory DC population with potent immunosuppressive properties.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".