Demography of a population of freshwater bivalve (Anodonta kennerlyi) and their annual filtration capacity of Marion Lake, British Columbia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The recent colonization by Anodonta kennerlyi (Bivalvia: Unionoida: Unionidae) of Marion Lake, BC has had unknown effects on the ecosystem. The lake was systematically sampled to determine the distribution of mussels in the lake and individuals brought back to the lab enabled the construction of an age-volume regression. It was found that the mussel distribution did not vary with depth, proximity to inlet or outlet, or side of lake-basin (P > 0.05) and possible explanations include the shallow morphology of the lake and their dependence on currents and fish hosts for dispersal. Of the individuals sampled, 57% were in the seven to ten year age classes indicating a pulsed recruitment. The average age was 8.16 ± 0.36 (SE) years. Age was a good indicator of volume (r² = 0.72) and AFDM (r² = 0.67) and there was also a strong relationship between the volume of the individual and the AFDM of the soft tissues (r² = 0.81). The average biomass per square meter was 0.29 ± 0.04 g/m² and the approximate total biomass was 39000 g. The mean number of mussels per square meter was 1.55 ± 0.27 mussels/m² and the maximum density that was sampled was 8.89 mussels/m². Literature values were used to approximate the daily filtration capacity of the population and create regressions of filtration rate and temperature. Four separate temperature-dependent filtration rate scenarios were made to estimate the proportion of the lake filtered each year by the population. The ‘high’ scenario yielded an estimate of 107% annually while the ‘low’ scenario estimate was 15%. Two other scenarios based on the literature and the literature average predicted 45% and 41%, respectively. The largest daily proportion of the lake filtered was 0.5% which is not considerable, however the effects on primary production are unknown and could be greater than expected. The population of Anodonta kennerlyi likely filter a significant volume of water annually (approximately 40%) and could be experiencing density-dependant effects due to space or food competition. Less than 10% of the population is in the one to three years age classes and this indicates that the population is currently not recruiting new individuals. Further studies should be executed to determine the extent of the mussel population’s effect on primary productivity in Marion Lake and if density-dependent effects are influencing the population dynamics.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".