Increasing recycled material use : exploring the economic benefits of using more recycled concrete aggregate and recycled asphalt pavement in construction and rehabilitation projects in Metro Vancouver
Bibliographic record
Abstract
One of Metro Vancouver’s goals is to increase the amount of recycled materials used in their construction and rehabilitation projects while being economically sustainable, preferably cost saving. The aim is to divert more recyclable materials from landfills, and to reduce stockpiles in recycling facilities. This research paper aims to explore examples from around the world that can be adopted by Metro Vancouver for two recyclable materials in particular: Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP) and Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA). This report looks at the current trends in recycling materials within Metro Vancouver acknowledging the barriers associated to their use in regards to a previous undergraduate assessment done on the topic (Ammerlaan). Further into the paper there is more detail on RAP and RCA which explores their uses and success stories in different parts of the world. Once an understanding of the materials has been established, some recommendations are put forward to Metro Vancouver for consideration.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".