Simple naked-eye colorimetric chemosensors based on Schiff-base for selective sensing of cyanide and fluoride ions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The present work describes the design and synthesis of simple colorimetric chemosensors based on Schiff-base for highly selective sensing of cyanide and fluoride ions. The chemosensor S2, containing an electron withdrawing group (EWG), displayed selective sensing properties for both cyanide and fluoride ions. The interaction of S2 with F– and CN– ions provides remarkable colorimetric responses from yellow to purple, enabling naked-eye sensing without any spectroscopic instrumentation. The mechanism of anion binding with chemosensor S2 showed one-to-one stoichiometry by Job’s plot. The mechanism of interaction between the S2 and CN– ions has been confirmed by the 1H NMR titration experiments. Furthermore, the detection limits of chemosensor S2 towards F– and CN– ions were found to be 3.7 and 1.2 μmol/L, respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".