L'Union Européenne Et La Mise En Oeuvre Du Protocole De Nagoya. Faut-Il Se Réjouir De L'Adoption Du Règlement N. 511 /2014? (The Implementation of the Nagoya Protocol in the European Union. Should We Welcome the Adoption of Regulation N. 511 /2014?)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
French Abstract: Le16 avril 2014 le Parlement europeen et le Conseil de l’Union Europeenne ont adopte le reglement n° 511/2014 relatif aux mesures concernant le respect par les utilisateurs dans l’Union du protocole de Nagoya sur l’acces aux ressources gene- tiques et le partage juste et equitable des avantages decoulant de leur utilisation (APA). L’adoption d’un reglement par l’Union Europeenne (UE) apparait bienvenue dans la perspective d’une mise en œuvre rapide et globale du protocole de Nagoya entre en vigueur le 12 octobre 2014. Dans cette contribution, nous proposons d’analyser l’apport de l’action de l’Union Europeenne dans la perspective de la mise en œuvre du protocole de Nagoya. Nous verrons ainsi que l’UE a faconne un cadre de controle sur mesure pour les utilisateurs en apportant un certain nombre de clarifications conceptuelles, mais aussi en prevoyant des principes et des mecanismes propres a securiser leurs activites et a les premunir contre des accusations d’usages abusifs. Nous verrons en outre que les enjeux propres aux communautes autochtones et locales et leurs savoirs ne sont traites que de maniere tres marginale.English Abstract: On 16 April 2014 the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union adopted Regulation no. 511/2014 on compliance measures for users from the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization in the Union (ABS). The adoption of a regulation by the European Union (EU) appears to be a good news for a rapid and comprehensive implementation of the Nagoya Protocol entered into force on 12 October 2014. In this paper, we propose to analyze the contribution of the action of the European Union for the implementation of the Nagoya Protocol. We will see that the EU has focused on creating a control framework for users by providing a number of conceptual clarifications, but also by creating principles and mechanisms to secure their business and protect them against charges of misuse. We will see further that the issues specific to indigenous and local communities and their knowledge are addressed only very marginally.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.040 | 0.050 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.009 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.014 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.008 |
| Research integrity | 0.010 | 0.007 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".